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¡¡ |
¡¡
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Endnotes
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| Tolstoy's
Preface, Long
after this Preface was written the two volumes of the
'large work' refered to -A Harmony, Translation,
and Examination of the Gospels-were published in
Russian, first in Switzerland and afterwards in
England. |
|
ÀÌ ¼¹®ÀÌ ¾²¿©Áö°í
³ª¼ ¿À·£ ½Ã°£ µÚ¿¡ ¾ð±ÞÇϰí ÀÖ´Â ¹æ´ëÇÑ
ÀÛǰÁß µÎ ±Ç- [º¹À½¼ÀÇ ÀÏÄ¡,
¹ø¿ª ¹×
Á¶»ç]°¡ óÀ½Àº ½ºÀ§½º¿¡¼,
µÚ¿¡
¿µ±¹¿¡¼-ÀÌ ·¯½Ã¾Æ¾î·Î ÃâÆÇµÇ¾ú´Ù. |
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| Arius
(256-336), early Christian leader, founder of Arianism, a
Christian heresy that denied the full divinity of Jesus
Christ. |
|
¾Æ¸®¿ì½º(256-336),
Ãʱ⠱⵶±³ ÁöµµÀÚ, ¿¹¼ö ±×¸®½ºµµÀÇ
¿ÏÀüÇÑ ½Å¼ºÀ» ºÎÀÎÇÑ ±âµ¶±³ÀÇ ÀÌ´ÜÀÎ
¾Æ¸®¾ÆÁÖÀÇÀÇ Ã¢½ÃÀÚ. |
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| Renan,
(Joseph) Ernest (1823-92), French philologist and
historian of religion. In his youth, Renan studied for the
Roman Catholic priesthood, but later broke with the
church. His widely read Life of Jesus (1863; trans. 1863),
which caused great controversy in France because of its
unorthodox point of view, formed the first part of his
History of the Origins of Christianity (8 volumes,
1863-83; trans., 5 volumes, 1888-90). In 1878 Renan was
elected to the French Academy, and in 1883 he was made
director of the College de France, a post he retained
until his death. His many other works include
Recollections of My Youth (1883; trans. 1883) and History
of the People of Israel (5 volumes, 1887-93; trans.
1888-96). Renan approached religion as a rationalist and
humanist, using contemporary historical findings in a
field long restricted by tradition. His writings are
valued today more for their literary style than for their
erudition. |
|
¸£³¶, (Á¶¼Á)
¾î´À½ºÆ®(1823-92), ÇÁ¶û½º ¹®ÇåÇÐÀÚ ¹×
Á¾±³¿ª»ç°¡. ±×ÀÇ Ã»³â±â¿¡ ¸£³¶Àº ·Î¸¶
Ä«Å縯ÀÇ »çÁ¦Á÷À» ¿¬±¸ÇßÀ¸³ª,
µÚ¿¡
±³È¸¿Í °áº°Çß´Ù. ±×ÀÇ ³Î¸® ÀÐÇôÁø
¡®¿¹¼öÀÇ
»ý¾Ö¡¯(1863)´Â ÀÌ´ÜÀû °üÁ¡ ¶§¹®¿¡
ÇÁ¶û½º¿¡¼ Ä¿´Ù¶õ ³íÀïÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Ä״µ¥, ¡®±âµ¶±³ÀÇ
±â¿øÀÇ ¿ª»ç¡¯(8±Ç, 1863-83)ÀÇ Ã¹¹øÂ° ºÎºÐÀ»
±¸¼ºÇß´Ù. 1878³â ¸£³¶Àº ÇÁ¶û½º Çмú¿ø¿¡
¼±ÃâµÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, 1883³â ÇÁ¶û½º ´ëÇÐÀÇ ±³ÀåÀÌ
µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, ±×°¡ Á×À»¶§±îÁö ÀçÁ÷ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
±×ÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ¸¹Àº ÀÛǰ Áß¿£ ¡®³ªÀÇ Ã»³â±âÀÇ
ȸ»ó¡¯(1883) ¹× ¡®À̽º¶ó¿¤ ¹ÎÁ·ÀÇ ¿ª»ç¡¯(5±Ç,
1887-93)ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×´Â Á¾±³¸¦ ÇÕ¸®ÁÖÀÇ ¹×
Àι®ÁÖÀÇÀÚ·Î Á¢±ÙÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç,
ÀüÅë¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿©
¿À·§µ¿¾È Á¦ÇÑµÇ¾î ¿À´ø ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼ ´ç½ÃÀÇ
¿ª»çÀû ¹ß°ß¹°µéÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´´Ù.
±×ÀÇ
Àú¼µéÀº ¿À´Ã³¯ ±× ³»¿ëÀÌ Ç³ºÎÇÔº¸´Ù´Â
±×ÀÇ ¹®ÇÐÀû ¾ç½Ä¿¡¼ ´õ¿í °¡Ä¡ÀÖ°Ô
¿©°ÜÁø´Ù. |
|
|
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| Orthodox
Jews, who
strictly follow traditional Judaic beliefs and practices,
hold the most influence over religious affairs in Israel. |
|
Á¤ÅëÆÄ (À¯ÅÂÀÎ)»ç¶÷,
ÀÌ´Â ¾ö°ÝÇÏ°Ô ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ À¯Å±³ÀÇ ¹ÏÀ½°ú
°ü½ÀÀ» µû¸£¸ç, À̽º¶ó¿¤¿¡¼ Á¾±³ÀûÀÎ
¹®Á¦µé¿¡ °¡Àå ¸¹Àº ¿µÇâ·ÂÀ» Áö´Ï°í ÀÖ´Ù. |
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| Pilate,
Pontius (lived
1st century AD), Roman military governor, or procurator,
of the imperial province of Judea from 26 to 36. The
Jewish historian Flavius Josephus portrayed him as a harsh
administrator who failed to understand the religious
convictions and national pride of the Jews. Pilate is
known mainly for his connection with the trial and
execution of Jesus Christ. His culpability in the case has
been the subject of debate ever since the event. |
|
ºô¶óµµ,
º»µð¿À
(±â¿ø1¼¼±â),
À¯´ë¾Æ Áö¿ªÀÇ Á¦±¹ ¿µÅäÀÇ
·Î¸¶ ±º»ç Ãѵ¶, ¶Ç´Â ÇàÁ¤Àå°ü.
À¯ÅÂÀÎ
¿ª»ç°¡ Çöóºñ¿ì½º
Á¶¼¼Çª½º´Â ±×¸¦
À¯ÅÂÀεéÀÇ Á¾±³Àû ½Å³ä°ú ¹ÎÁ·Àû ÀÚÁ¸½ÉÀ»
ÀÌÇØÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ °ÅÄ¡¸¥ ÇàÁ¤°üÀ¸·Î
¹¦»çÇß´Ù. ºô¶óµµ´Â ÁÖ·Î ¿¹¼ö ±×¸®½ºµµÀÇ
ÀçÆÇ°ú óÇü¿¡ °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Ù.
±×
°Ç¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ ±×ÀÇ À¯ÁË ¿©ºÎ´Â ±× »ç°Ç ÀÌÈÄ
ÁÙ°ð ³í¶õÀÇ ÁÖÁ¦°¡ µÇ¾î¿Ô´Ù. |
|
The governor of Judea had complete judicial authority over
all who were not Roman citizens, but many
cases-particularly those relating to religious
matters-were decided by the Sanhedrin, the Jewish supreme
council and tribunal. According to the Gospel accounts,
after the Sanhedrin found Jesus guilty of blasphemy, it
committed him to the Roman court because it lacked
authority to impose the death sentence. Pilate refused to
approve the judgment without investigation. The Jewish
priests then made other charges against Jesus, and the
governor had a private interview with him. Pilate appears
to have been impressed with the dignity and frankness of
Jesus' answers to his questions and to have tried to save
him (see John 18:38-39,
19:12-15). Nevertheless, fear of
an uprising in Jerusalem forced Pilate to accede to the
demand of the populace, and Jesus was executed. Pilate was
recalled to Rome in 36. According to theologian and church
historian Eusebius of Caesarea, Pilate later committed
suicide. However, other traditions record that Pilate was
secretly a Christian and that he was condemned to death by
the Roman Senate. Perhaps for this reason he is revered as
a martyr by the Coptic church, which celebrates his feast
day on June 25. |
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À¯´ë¾ÆÀÇ Ãѵ¶Àº ·Î¸¶
½Ã¹ÎÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ¸ðµí »ç¶÷µé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ
¹ýÀûÀÎ °üÇÒ±ÇÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ¾úÀ¸³ª,
¸¹Àº
°æ¿ìµé--ƯÈ÷ Á¾±³ÀûÀÎ ¹®Á¦µé¿¡ °üÇÑ °Íµé--À¯ÅÂÀÎÀÇ
ÃÖ°í ȸÀÇ ¹× ÀçÆÇ±â±¸ÀÎ,
»êÇìµå¸°¿¡
ÀÇÇØ¼ °áÁ¤µÇ¾ú´Ù. º¹À½¼ÀÇ ¼³¸í¿¡
µû¸£¸é, »êÇìµå¸°Àº ¿¹¼ö°¡ ½Å¼º¸ðµ¶À¸·Î
À¯ÁËÀÓÀ» ¾Ë°í³ª¼, ÀÌ °ÇÀ» ·Î¸¶ ¹ýÁ¤À¸·Î
³Ñ°å´Âµ¥, ±×µéÀº »çÇüÀ» ¼±°íÇÒ ±ÇÇÑÀÌ
¾ø¾ú±â ¶§¹®À̾ú´Ù. ºô¶óµµ´Â Á¶»ç¸¦ ÇÏÁö
¾Ê°í¼´Â ±× ÆÇ°áÀ» ÀÎÁ¤ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù°í
°ÅÀýÇß´Ù. À¯ÅÂÀÎ Á¦»çÀåµéÀº ¿¹¼ö¿¡ ´ëÇØ
´Ù¸¥ ÇøÀǸ¦ ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù,
±×¸®°í Ãѵ¶Àº
¿¹¼ö¸¦ Á÷Á¢ ½É¹®ÇÏ¿´´Ù,
±×¸®°í ºô¶óµµ´Â
ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Áú¹®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿¹¼öÀÇ ´ë´äµéÀÇ
À§¾ö°ú Áø¼ÖÇÔ¿¡ °¨¸í¹Þ¾Æ¼ ±×¸¦
±¸ÇØÁÖ·Á°í ÇÑ °Íó·³ º¸ÀδÙ(ÂüÁ¶ ¿äÇÑ
18:38-39, 19:12-15).
±×·³¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸Çϰí, ¿¹·ç»ì·½¿¡¼ÀÇ ¼Ò¿ä¸¦
µÎ·Á¿öÇÑ ³ª¸ÓÁö, ºô¶óµµ´Â ¹ÎÁßµéÀÇ
¿ä±¸¸¦ ½Â¶ôÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç,
¿¹¼ö´Â óÇüµÇ¾ú´Ù.
ºô¶óµµ´Â 36³â °æ¿¡ ·Î¸¶·Î ¼ÒȯµÇ¾ú´Ù.
¼¼»ç¸®¾ÆÀÇ ½ÅÇÐÀÚ¸ç ±³È¸ ¿ª»ç°¡ÀÎ
¿ä¼¼ºñ¿ì½º¿¡ µû¸£¸é,
ºô¶óµµ´Â ÀÌÈÄ¿¡
ÀÚ»ìÇÏ¿´´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª,
´Ù¸¥ ±â·Ï¿¡
µû¸£¸é, ºô¶óµµ´Â ¾ÏÁßÀ¸·Î
±âµ¶±³ÀÎÀ̾úÀ¸¸ç ·Î¸¶ÀÇ ¿ø·Î¿ø¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿©
»çÇü¼±°í¸¦ ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù.
¾Æ¸¶µµ ÀÌ·±
ÀÌÀ¯·ÎÇÏ¿© Ä߯® ±³È¸(ÀÌÁýÆ®,
¿¡Æ¼¿ÀÇǾƿ¡ ÀüÇØ ³»·Á¿À´Â ±×¸®½ºµµ ±³È¸)¿¡¼´Â
±×°¡ ¼ø±³ÀÚ·Î Ãß¾Ó¹Þ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ±×ÀÇ
ÃàÀÏÀº 1¿ù 25ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. |
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| Tabernacle,
in the Old Testament, tent established by Moses in which
the Ark of the Covenant was conveyed (see Exodus 25-31,
35-40). It was held to represent the presence of God. It
seems (see 1 Samuel 3:3) to have been superseded by a more
permanent building at Shiloh (near Jerusalem) before the
time of David, king of Judah and Israel. The Tabernacle
was roughly equivalent to the sacred enclosures of the
Temple, called the holy place and the holy of holies. In
the Roman Catholic church the receptacle in which the
consecrated elements of the Eucharist are retained is
called the tabernacle. |
|
¼º¸·(á¡Ø),
±¸¾à¼º¼¿¡¼, ¾ð¾à±Ë(åëå³Ïö)°¡ ¿î¹ÝµÇ´Â
¸ð¼¼°¡ ¼¼¿î õ¸· (Ãâ¾Ö±Þ±â25-32, 35-40).
±×°ÍÀº Çϳª´ÔÀÇ Á¸À縦 ³ªÅ¸³»±â À§ÇØ
¼¼¿öÁ³´Ù. À¯´Ù¿Í À̽º¶ó¿¤ÀÇ ¿ÕÀÎ ´ÙÀÀÇ
½ÃÀý ÀÌÀü¿¡ (¿¹·ç»ì·½ ±ÙóÀÇ)
½Ç·Î¿¡ ´õ¿í
¿µ±¸ÀûÀÎ °Ç¹°·Î ´ëüµÈ °Í °°´Ù.(»ç¹«¿¤ »ó
3:3) ¼º¸·Àº ¼ºÀüÀÇ ¼º½º·¯¿î ±¸¿ª°ú °ÅÀÇ
°°¾ÒÀ¸¸ç, ¼º¼Ò ¹× ¼º¼Ò ÁßÀÇ ¼º¼Ò·Î ºÒ·È´Ù.
·Î¸¶ Ä«Å縯 ±³È¸¿¡¼´Â ½Å¼º½ÃµÇ´Â ¼ºÃ¼ÀÇ
¿ä¼ÒµéÀÌ ´ã±â´Â ¿ë±â·Î¼ ¼º¸·À̶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù. |
|
|
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| Caesar,
Gaius Julius (100-44
BC), Roman general and statesman, who laid the foundations
of the Roman imperial system. |
|
ÁÙ¸®¾î½º ½ÃÀú(100-44
BC), ·Î¸¶ÀÇ À屺À̸ç Á¤Ä¡°¡·Î¼ ±×´Â
·Î¸¶Á¦±¹ üÁ¦ÀÇ ±âÃʸ¦ ³õÀº Àι°ÀÌ´Ù. |
|
|
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| David
(king) (died
961 BC), king (1000-961BC) of Judah and Israel, founder of
the Judean dynasty. Several accounts of his
accomplishments occur in the Old Testament, chiefly in the
books of Samuel, Kings, and Chronicles. |
|
´ÙÀ ¿Õ(1000, 961BC),
À¯´Ù¿Í À̽º¶ó¿¤ÀÇ ¿ÕÀ¸·Î À¯´ë¾Æ ¿ÕÁ¶ÀÇ
â½ÃÀÚ. ±×ÀÇ ¿©·¯°¡Áö ¾÷ÀûµéÀÌ
±¸¾à¼º°æÀÇ »ç¹«¿¤, ¿¿Õ±â ¹× ¿¬´ë±â¿¡
³ªÅ¸³ª ÀÖ´Ù. |
|
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Leaven,
(1) term used in the Bible for fermented dough. In the
Jewish religion, it is forbidden to eat leaven, or even to
have it in one's home, during the festival of Passover.
This proscription is based on the biblical account of the
exodus from Egypt, when the Israelites were in such haste
that they could not leaven their bread. Rabbinical Judaism
prohibits leaven in any substance whatsoever on Passover,
terming it hametzdig, or unfit. Instead, for the duration
of the holiday Orthodox Jews consume unleavened bread,
usually in the form of matzo.
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´©·è,
(1)´©·è,
¹ßÈ¿µÈ ¹ÝÁ×À¸·Î¼ ¼º°æ¿¡¼ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ¿ë¾î.
À¯ÅÂÀÎÀÇ Á¾±³¿¡¼ À¯¿ùÀý µ¿¾È¿¡ ´©·èÀ»
¸Ô´Â °ÍÀº ¹°·ÐÀ̸ç, ½ÉÁö¾î ±×°ÍÀ» Áý¿¡
µÎ´Â °Íµµ ±ÝÁöµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.
ÀÌ·± ±ÝÁö´Â
ÀÌÁýÆ®·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ Å»Ãâ¿¡ °üÇÑ ¼º°æÀûÀÎ
±â·Ï¿¡ ±âÃʵǾî Àִµ¥,
±× ´ç½Ã À̽º¶ó¿¤
»ç¶÷µéÀº ³Ê¹«³ª ´Ù±ÞÇÑ »óÅ¿©¼ ±×µéÀÌ
¸Ô´Â »§À» ¹ßÈ¿½Ãų ¼ö ¾ø¾ú´Ù.
À¯ÅÂÀÎÀÇ
À²¹ýÁÖÀÇ´Â ´©·èÀ» ¡®ºÎÀûÀý¡¯
ÇÏ´Ù°í
ºÎ¸£¸é¼, À¯¿ùÀý µ¿¾È¿¡´Â ¾î¶°ÇÑ
Àç·á¿¡µµ ³ÖÁö ¸øÇϵµ·Ï ±ÝÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù.
´ë½Å¿¡, ÈÞÀϱⰣ µ¿¾È¿¡ Á¤ÅëÆÄ »ç¶÷µéÀº
´©·èÀÌ ¾ø´Â »§À» ÁÖ·Î ¹«±³º´ÀÇ ÇüÅ·Î
¸Ô´Â´Ù. |
(2)
In the verse of Matthew
13:13, this word was used as a meaning of "the
power that causes changes".
|
|
(2)
¸¶Åº¹À½ 13Àå
33Àý¿¡¼´Â
¡®º¯È¸¦
ÁÖ´Â Èû¡¯
|
(3)the
teaching that causes of corruption.
Luke
12:1, Mark 8:15, Matt.
16:11, 12 |
|
(2)
Ÿ¶ôÀÇ
¿øÀÎÀ» ÁÖ´Â °¡¸£Ä§¡±
´©°¡ 12:1,
¸¶°¡ 8:15,
¸¶Å 16:11, 12 |
|
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| Caiaphas
(flourished AD18-37), Jewish high priest, who presided at
the trial of Jesus Christ. According to Christian sources,
in a general council summoned to take action on the
preachings of Jesus, Caiaphas favored putting Jesus to
death as a matter of expediency (see John 11:47-53). |
|
°¡¾ß¹Ù(AD18-37¿¡
Ȱ¾à), À¯ÅÂÀÎ ´ëÁ¦»çÀåÀ¸·Î ±×´Â ¿¹¼ö
±×¸®½ºµµÀÇ ½É¹®À» ÁÖ°üÇß´Ù.
±âµ¶±³ÀÇ
ÀÚ·á¿¡ µû¸£¸é, ¿¹¼öÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©
ÇൿÀ» ÃëÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ¼ÒÁýµÈ ÃÑȸ¿¡¼,
°¡¾ß¹Ù´Â ÇüÆí»ó(¿äÇѺ¹À½11:47-53ÂüÁ¶)
¿¹¼ö¸¦ »çÇü¿¡ óÇÏ´Â ÂÊÀ» ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ¿´´Ù. |
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Abraham
or Abram, biblical patriarch, according to the Book
of Genesis (see 11:27-25:10),
progenitor of the Hebrews, who probably lived in the
period between 2000 and 1500BC. Abraham is regarded by
Muslims, who call him Ibrahim, as an ancestor of the Arabs
through Ishmael. He was once considered a contemporary of
Hammurabi, king of Babylonia. Because the biblical account
of his life is based on traditions preserved by oral
transmission rather than by historical records, no
biography in the present sense can be written.
Christians,
Muslims, and Jews accept Abraham as an epitome of the man
of unswerving faith, a view reflected in the New
Testament. |
|
¾Æºê¶óÇÔ ¶Ç´Â
¾Æºê¶÷, â¼¼±â¿¡ µîÀåÇÏ´Â Á·ÀåÀ¸·Î,
È÷ºê¸®ÀÎ µéÀÇ ¼±Á¶ÀÌ´Ù.
±×´Â ±â¿øÀü 2000³â¿¡¼
1500³â »çÀÌ¿¡ »ì¾Ò´Ù.
ȸ±³µµµé¿¡°Ô ÀÖ¾î¼,
¾Æºê¶óÇÔÀº, À̺ê¶óÈûÀ¸·Î ºÎ¸£°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç,
ÀåÀÚÀÎ À̽º¸¶¿¤À» ÅëÇÏ¿© ¾Æ¶øÀεéÀÇ
Á¶»óÀ¸·Î ¿©°ÜÁø´Ù. ±×´Â ¹Ùºô·Î´Ï¾ÆÀÇ
¿ÕÀÎ ÇÔ¹«¶óºñÀÇ µ¿ ½Ã´ëÀÎÀ¸·Î ¿©°ÜÁö±âµµ
Çß´Ù. ±×ÀÇ »î¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼º°æÀûÀÎ ¼³¸íÀÌ
¿ª»çÀû ±â·ÏÀ¸·Îº¸´Ù´Â ±¸ÀüÀ» ±âÃÊ·ÎÇϰí
Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡, ¿À´Ã³¯ÀÇ Àǹ̿¡ ÀÔ°¢ÇÑ
»ý¾Ö´Â ±â·ÏµÉ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.
±âµ¶±³ÀÎ,
ȸ±³ÀÎ ¹× À¯ÅÂÀεéÀº
¾Æºê¶óÇÔÀ», ½Å¾à¼º¼¿¡¼ ³ªÅ¸³ª ÀÖ´Â
°Í°ú °°ÀÌ, È®°íÇÑ ¹ÏÀ½À» °¡Áø »ç¶÷ÀÇ
ÀüÇüÀ¸·Î ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀ̰í ÀÖ´Ù.
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¡¡ |
¡¡
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