| Ch'un-ch'iu
(Chinese: "Spring and Autumn [Annals]"), Pinyin CHUN QIU, the first
Chinese chronological history, said to be the traditional history of Lu, as
revised by Confucius. It is one of the
Five Classics (Wu Ching) of Confucianism. The name, actually an
abbreviation of "Spring, Summer, Autumn, Winter," derives from the
old custom of dating events by season as well as by year. The work is a
complete--though exceedingly sketchy--month by month account of significant
events that occurred during the reign of 12 rulers of Lu, the native state of
Confucius. The account begins in 722 BC and ends shortly before Confucius'
death (479 BC). The book is said to pass moral judgment on events in subtle
ways, as when Confucius deliberately omits the title of a degenerate ruler.
Among many who sought to discover profound meanings in the text was Tung
Chung-shu (c. 179-c. 104 BC), a great Han-dynasty
Confucianist, who claimed that the natural phenomena recorded in the book (e.g.,
eclipse of the sun, shower of stars at night, drought) were intended as
unmistakable warnings to future leaders of what happens when rulers prove
unworthy. Since Confucian scholars were the official interpreters of this and
the other classics, the book was a means for imposing Confucian ideals on
government.
The fame of Ch'un-ch'iu is mainly due to Tso
chuan (q.v.), a
commentary (chuan) by a scholar named Tso. Two other important
commentaries on Ch'un-ch'iu are Kung-yang chuan and Ku-liang
chuan. All three commentaries are listed among the alternative lists of
the Nine, Twelve, and Thirteen Classics of Confucianism. (see also "Tso
chuan," ) |
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- ÃáÃßÁ¾¾Àü Àü3±Ç :
ˬêóêÓ, ¹®¼±±Ô Æí,
¸í¹®´ç, 1985
- ÃáÃß »ó¡¤ÇÏ(»ç¼¿À°æ
9¡¤10) : Íîí,
Á¤Èñ±Ø ¿ª,
Çѱ¹¼Àû°ø»ç, 1983
- õðõÕùÊÒÕÍÅ : ñ¥éÄáó,
ÔÔÛ°ßöïÁ, 1983
- õðõÕÍëåÏîîªÎæÚϼ : ìíê«××ÏÐ,
óÜÙþÞä, 1976
- õðõÕñ§ä«îî(ñéÏÐͯîðãæßö) :
ÌÇï£ïá, Ù¥Óìõó÷úÞä,
1968
- ñ§îîªÎÞÖßÌÞÈîÜæÚϼ(òÐï£ñ§éÓÑÎîïó¢
15) :
òÐï£ñ§éÓÑÎ, äÛ÷îßöïÁ, 1964(î¢÷ú)
- ñ§ä«ªÎà÷Ø¡ªÈÐìªÎî÷ËÒ : ÌÇï£ïá,
ÓÞáóνßöïÁ, 1963
- õðõÕ(ÔÔåÇÞÖßÌõ¿ßö) :
ñÓÒ®ðÎÜý, ìíÜâøÄÖåÞä, 1942
- ò¨ÑáͯÓÛÞÈÖå(ÔÔåÇÙþÍ·ÒÕõ¿) :
ÚùÓöïá, ÔÔåÇÙþÍ·,
1925
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