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¡¡
Àηù¿¡°Ô º¸³»´Â ¸¶Áö¸· ¸Þ½ÃÁö
By Leo Tolstoy
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¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Dear Brothers, |
Ä£¾ÖÇÏ´Â ÇüÁ¦µéÀÌ¿©, |
We have met here to fight against war. War, the thing for the sake of
which all the nations of the earth - millions and millions of people -
place at the uncontrolled disposal of a few men or sometimes only one man,
not merely milliards of rubles, talers, francs or yen (representing a very
large share of their labor), but also their very lives.
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¿ì¸®´Â ÀÌ ÀÚ¸®¿¡ ÀüÀï°ú ¸Â¼ ½Î¿ì·Á°í ¸¸³µ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀüÀï, À̰ÍÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© Áö»óÀÇ ¸ðµç ±¹°¡µé, ¼ö½Ê¾ïÀÇ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ, (±×µéÀÇ
¾öû³ª°Ô ¸¹Àº ³ëµ¿ÀÇ ¸òÀÎ) ¼ö½Ê¾ï ·çºí, Å»·¯½º, ÇÁ¶û ¶Ç´Â ¿£ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ±×µéÀÇ ¸ñ¼û ¸¶Àúµµ ¸î »ç¶÷ ¶Ç´Â ¶§·Î´Â
ÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ÅëÁ¦µÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ÀüȾ¿¡ ³õÀÌ°Ô ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. |
And now we, a score of private people gathered from the various ends of
the earth, possessed of no special privileges and above all having no
power over anyone, intend to fight - and as we wish to fight we also wish
to conquer - this immense power not only of one government but of all
governments, which have at their disposal these milliards of money and
millions of soldiers and who are well aware that the exceptional position
of those who for the governments rests on the army alone: the army which
has a meaning and a purpose against which we wish to fight and which we
wish to abolish.
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±×¸®°í ÀÌÁ¦ ¿ì¸®´Â, ¼¼»óÀÇ ¿©·¯ ³¡À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¸ðÀÎ À̽ʿ© ¸íÀÇ »çÀûÀÎ »ç¶÷µé·Î¼, ¾Æ¹«·± Ưº°ÇÑ Æ¯±Çµµ Áö´ÏÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÀ¸¸ç ¹«¾ùº¸´Ùµµ
´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé À§¿¡ ¾Æ¹«·± ±Ç·Âµµ Áö´ÏÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÀ½¿¡µµ, ÇϳªÀÇ Á¤ºÎ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¸ðµç Á¤ºÎµéÀÇ ÀÌó·³ ±¤´ëÇÑ ±Ç·Â¿¡, ¸Â¼ ½Î¿ì·Á Çϸç,
¿ì¸®°¡ ½Î¿ì±â¸¦ ¹Ù¶ó´Â °Í°ú ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î ¶ÇÇÑ ¿ì¸®´Â Á¤º¹ÇϰíÀÚ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Á¤ºÎµéÀº ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº ¼ö½Ê¾ïÀÇ µ·°ú ¼ö¹é¸¸ÀÇ ±º´ë¸¦ ±×µéÀÇ
¼Õ¾Æ±Í¿¡ Áã°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ±×µéÀº ¿ÀÁ÷ Á¤ºÎµéÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© ±º´ë¿¡ ÀǰÅÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ¿¹¿ÜÀûÀÎ ÁöÀ§¸¦ Àß ¾Ë°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù: ±× ±º´ë´Â ¿ì¸®°¡
¹Ý´ëÇÏ¿© ½Î¿ì°íÀÚ ÇÏ¸ç ¿ì¸®°¡ ÆóÁöÇϰíÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ÀÇ¹Ì¿Í ¸ñÀûÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
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For us to struggle, the forces being so unequal, must appear insane.
But if we consider our opponent's means of strife and our own, it is not
our intention to fight that will seem absurd, but that the thing we mean
to fight will still exist. They have millions of money and millions of
obedient soldiers; we have only one thing, but that is the most powerful
thing in the world - Truth.
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¿ì¸®°¡ ÅõÀïÇÏ·ÁÇÔÀº, ±º´ë°¡ ³Ê¹«³ª »ó´ë°¡ µÇÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¹Ç·Î, Ʋ¸²¾øÀÌ Á¦Á¤½ÅÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ °Íó·³ º¸ÀÏ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¿ì¸®°¡ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ÀûµéÀÇ
ÅõÀïÀÇ ¹æ¹ýµé°ú ¿ì¸®ÀÇ °ÍµéÀ» »ý°¢ÇØ º»´Ù¸é, ±×°Í°ú ½Î¿ì·Á´Â ¿ì¸®ÀÇ Àǵµ°¡ ¾î¸®¼®Àº °Íó·³ º¸ÀÌÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù, ±×·¯³ª ¿ì¸®°¡
½Î¿ì°íÀÚ ÀǵµÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¿©ÀüÈ÷ Á¸ÀçÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×µéÀº ¼ö½Ê¾ïÀÇ µ·°ú ¼ö¹é¸¸ÀÇ Ãæ¼º½º·± º´»çµéÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù; ¿ì¸®´Â ¿ÀÁ÷ ÇÑ
°¡Áö¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù, ±×·¯³ª ±×°ÍÀº ¼¼»ó¿¡¼ °¡Àå °·ÂÇÑ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù - Áø¸®°¡ ¹Ù·Î ±×°ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
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Therefore, insignificant as our forces may appear in comparison with
those of our opponents, our victory is as sure as the victory of the light
of the rising sun over the darkness of night.
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±×·¯¹Ç·Î, ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ÈûµéÀÌ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ÀûµéÀÇ °Íµé°ú ºñ±³ÇÒ ¶§ ºñ·Ï ¹Ì¹ÌÇØ º¸ÀÏÁö¶óµµ, ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ½Â¸®´Â ¹ãÀÇ ¾îµÎ¿ò À§·Î ¶°¿À¸£´Â žçÀÇ
ºûÀÇ ½Â¸®Ã³·³ È®½ÇÇÕ´Ï´Ù. |
Our victory is certain, but on one condition only - that when uttering
the truth we utter it all, without compromise, concession, or
modification. The truth so simple, so clear, so evident, so incumbent not
only on Christians but on all reasonable men, that it is only necessary to
speak it out in its full significance for it to be irresistible.
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¿ì¸®ÀÇ ½Â¸®´Â ºÐ¸íÇÕ´Ï´Ù, ±×·¯³ª ¿ÀÁ÷ ÇѰ¡Áö ÀüÁ¦°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù - Áï, ¿ì¸®°¡ Áø¸®¸¦ ¸»ÇϰíÀÚ ÇÒ ¶§, ¿ì¸®´Â ±× ¸ðµç °ÍÀ»
¸»ÇÔÀ̸ç, ŸÇù, ¾çº¸ ¶Ç´Â ¼öÁ¤Àº ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. Áø¸®´Â ±×¸®½ºµµÀÎ µé¿¡°Ô »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¸ðµç ÇÕ¸®ÀûÀÎ »ç¶÷µé À§¿¡, ³Ê¹«³ª ´Ü¼øÇϰí,
³Ê¹«³ª ¸í¹éÇϸç, ³Ê¹«³ª ºÐ¸íÇϸç, ³Ê¹«³ª Àǹ«ÀûÀÎ °ÍÀ̶ó¼, ±×°ÍÀÌ µÇµ¹¸± ¼ö ¾øµµ·Ï ±× ÀÚüÀÇ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ Àǹ̷μ¸¸ ¿ÀÁ÷ ¸»ÇÒ Çʿ䰡
ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
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The truth in its full meaning lies in what was said thousands of years
ago (in the law accepted among us as the Law of God) in four words:
"Thou shalt not kill." The truth is that man may not and should
not in any circumstances or under any pretext kill his fellow man. The
truth is so evident, so binding, and so generally acknowledged, that it is
only necessary to put it clearly before men for the evil called war to
become quite impossible.
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½º½º·Î ¿ÏÀüÇÑ ÀǹÌÀÇ Áø¸®´Â ¼öõ³â Àü¿¡(Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¹ýÀ¸·Î ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô ¹Þ¾Æ µé¿©Áø À²¹ý¿¡¼) ³× ¸¶µð·Î ¸»¾¸µÇ¾îÁø °Í¿¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù:
"³ÊÈñ´Â Á׿©¼´Â ¾Æ´Ï µÈ´Ù." Áø¸®´Â, »ç¶÷Àº ¾î¶² »óȲ¿¡¼µç ¾î¶² ±¸½Ç·Îµç ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ µ¿·á Àΰ£À» Á×ÀÏ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç Á׿©¼µµ ¾ÈµÈ´Ù´Â
°ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Áø¸®´Â Áö±ØÈ÷ ºÐ¸íÇϸç, Áö±ØÈ÷ Àǹ«ÀûÀ̸ç, ±×¸®°í Áö±ØÈ÷ ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÎÁ¤µÇ¾î ÀÖ¾î¼ ÀüÀïÀ̶ó ºÒ¸®´Â ¾ÇÀÌ ½ÉÈ÷
ºÒ°¡´ÉÇØ Áöµµ·Ï »ç¶÷µé ¾Õ¿¡ ±×°ÍÀ» ºÐ¸íÈ÷ Á¦½ÃÇÒ Çʿ䰡 ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. |
And so I think that if we who are assembled here at this Peace Congress
should, instead of clearly and definitely voicing this truth, address
ourselves to the governments with various proposals for lessening the
evils of war or gradually diminishing its frequency, we should be like men
who having in their hand the key to a door, should try to break through
walls they know to be too strong for them.
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±×¸®°í ±×·¡¼ ³ª´Â ¸¸ÀÏ ¿©±â ÆòÈ È¸ÀÇ¿¡ ¸ðÀÎ ¿ì¸®°¡, ÀÌ·± Áø¸®¸¦ ¸í¹éÈ÷ ±×¸®°í ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¼±¾ðÇÏ´Â ´ë½Å¿¡, ÀüÀïÀÇ ¾ÇµéÀ» ÁÙÀ̰ųª
±× ºóµµ¸¦ Á¡Â÷ÀûÀ¸·Î °¨¼Ò½Ã۱â À§ÇÑ ´Ù¾çÇÑ Á¦¾ÈµéÀ» ³»¹Ì´Â Á¤ºÎµé¿¡ ½º½º·Î¸¦ ³»¸Ã±ä´Ù¸é, ¿ì¸®´Â Ʋ¸²¾øÀÌ, ¹®À¸·Î µé¾î°¡´Â ¿¼è¸¦
±×µéÀÇ ¼Õ¿¡ Áã°í¼, ±×µé¿¡°Ô ³Ê¹«³ª ´Ü´ÜÇÏ´Ù°í ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Â º®µéÀ» ¶Õ°í Áö³ª°¡·Á ½ÃµµÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µé °°À» °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
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Before us are millions of armed men, ever more and more efficiently
armed and trained for more and more rapid slaughter. We know that these
millions of people have no wish to kill their fellows and for the most
part do not even know why they are forced to do that repulsive work, and
that they are weary of their position of subjection and compulsion; we
know that the murders committed from time to time by these men are
committed by order of the governments; and we know that the existence of
the governments depends on the armies.
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¿ì¸® ¾Õ¿¡´Â ¼ö¹é¸¸ÀÇ ¹«ÀåÇÑ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌÀüº¸´Ù ´õ¿í ´õ È¿À²ÀûÀ¸·Î ¹«ÀåÇÏ°í ´õ¿í ´õ ½Å¼ÓÇÑ »ì·úÀ» À§ÇØ ÈÆ·ÃµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
¿ì¸®´Â ÀÌµé ¼ö¹é¸¸ÀÇ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ±×µéÀÇ µ¿·áµéÀ» »ìÇØÇÒ ¾Æ¹«·± Àǻ簡 ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ´ëüÀûÀ¸·Î ½ÉÁö¾î ¿Ö ±×µéÀÌ ±×·¯ÇÑ Çø¿À½º·¯¿î ÀÓ¹«¸¦
¼öÇàÇϵµ·Ï °Á¦µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÏ´ÂÁöÁ¶Â÷ ¸ð¸£°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â °Í, ±×¸®°í ±×µéÀº ÀڽŵéÀÇ ±¼Á¾°ú °¾ÐÀÇ À§Ä¡¿¡ ´ëÇØ Áö±ßÁö±ßÇØ Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ»
¾Ë°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù; ¿ì¸®´Â ÀÌµé »ç¶÷µé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ¶§¶§·Î ÀúÁú·¯Áö´Â »ìÀεéÀÌ Á¤ºÎÀÇ ¸í·Éµé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ÀúÁú·¯ Áø´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù;
±×¸®°í ¿ì¸®´Â Á¤ºÎµéÀÇ Á¸Àç°¡ ±º´ëµé¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. |
Can we then who desire the abolition of war, find nothing more
conducive to our aim than to propose to the governments which exist only
by the aid of armies and consequently by war - measures which would
destroy war? Are we to propose to the governments that they should destroy
themselves?
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±×·¸´Ù¸é ÀüÀïÀÇ ÆóÁö¸¦ Èñ¸ÁÇÏ´Â ¿ì¸®°¡, ¿ÀÁ÷ ±º´ëµéÀÇ µµ¿òÀ¸·Î ±×¸®°í °á°úÀûÀ¸·Î ÀüÀïÀ¸·Î Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â Á¤ºÎµé¿¡°Ô ÀüÀïÀ» ÆÄ±«ÇÏ´Â Á¶Ä¡¸¦
Á¦¾ÈÇÏ´Â °Í ¿Ü¿¡´Â ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¸ñÀû¿¡ ´õ¿í ºÎÇյǴ °ÍÀ» ãÀ» ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï±î? ¿ì¸®´Â Á¤ºÎµé¿¡°Ô ±×µéÀÌ ½º½º·Î¸¦ ÆÄ±«Ç϶ó°í Á¦¾ÈÇÒ ¼ö
ÀÖ½À´Ï±î? |
The governments will listen willingly to any speeches of that kind,
knowing that such discussions will neither destroy war nor undermine their
own power, but will only conceal yet more effectively what must be
concealed if wars and armies and themselves in control of armies are to
continue to exist.
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Á¤ºÎµéÀº ±×¿Í °°Àº Á¾·ùÀÇ ¾î¶² ¼±¾ðµé¿¡µµ ±â²¨ÀÌ ±Í¸¦ ±â¿ïÀÏ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù, ¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é ±×·± Åä·ÐµéÀº ÀüÀïÀ» ÆÄ±«ÇÏÁöµµ ±×µéÀÇ ±Ç·ÂÀ»
Àá½ÄÇÏÁöµµ ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀ̸ç, ¸¸ÀÏ ÀüÀïµé°ú ±º´ëµé ±×¸®°í ±º´ëµéÀ» ÅëÁ¦Çϰí ÀÖ´Â ÀڽŵéÀÌ °è¼ÓÇØ¼ Á¸ÀçÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù¸é ¹Ýµå½Ã ¼û°ÜÁ®¾ß ÇÏ´Â
°ÍÀ» ¿ÀÁ÷ ÈξÀ ´õ È¿À²ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼û±æ °ÍÀÓÀ» ¾Ë±â ¶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
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'But', I shall be told, 'this is anarchism; people never have lived
without governments and States, and therefore governments and States and
military forces defending them are necessary for the existence of
nations.'
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'±×·¯³ª', ³ª´Â µè°ÔµÉ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù, 'À̰ÍÀº ¹«Á¤ºÎÁÖÀÇ´Ù; »ç¶÷µéÀº °áÄÚ Á¤ºÎµéÀ̳ª ±¹°¡µé ¾øÀÌ »ì¾Æ¿Â ÀûÀÌ ¾ø´Ù, ±×¸®°í ±×·¯¹Ç·Î
Á¤ºÎµé°ú ±¹°¡µé ±×¸®°í ±×°ÍµéÀ» ¼öÈ£ÇÏ´Â ±º»ç·ÂÀº ³ª¶óµéÀÇ Á¸À縦 À§ÇØ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù'¶ó´Â °ÍÀ». |
But leaving aside the question of whether the life of Christian and
other nations is possible without armies and wars to defend their
governments and States, or even supposing it to be necessary for their
welfare that they should slavishly submit to institutions called
governments (consisting of people they do not personally know), and that
it is necessary to yield up the produce of their labor to these
institutions and fulfill all their demands - including the murder of their
neighbors - granting them all that, there yet remains in our world an
unsolved difficulty.
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±×·¯³ª ±×¸®½ºµµ±³ÀÎ ¹× ´Ù¸¥ ³ª¶óµéÀÇ »ý¸íÀÌ ±×µéÀÇ Á¤ºÎµé ¹× ±¹°¡µéÀ» ¼öÈ£Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ±º´ëµé ¹× ÀüÀï ¾øÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÑ ÁöÀÇ ¹®Á¦´Â
Á¦Ãĵΰí, ¾Æ´Ï¸é ½ÉÁö¾î ±×µéÀÇ º¹Áö¸¦ À§ÇØ ÇÊ¿äÇϹǷΠÁ¤ºÎµéÀ̶ó°í ºÒ¸®´Â (±×µéÀÌ °³ÀÎÀûÀ¸·Î ¾ËÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µé·Î ±¸¼ºµÈ) üÁ¦µé¿¡
³ë¿¹Ã³·³ º¹Á¾Çؾ߸¸ ÇÑ´Ù´Â °Í, ±×¸®°í ±×µéÀÇ ³ëµ¿ÀÇ »ê¹°¸¦ À̵é üÁ¦µé¿¡ ¹ÙÄ¡°í ±×µéÀÇ ¸ðµç ¿ä±¸µé - ±×µéÀÇ ÀÌ¿ôµéÀ» »ì·úÇÏ´Â
°ÍÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¿© - À» ÃæÁ·½ÃŰ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù°í °¡Á¤ÇÑ´Ù¸é, ±× ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» ÀÎÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù°í ÇÏ´õ¶ó°í, ¾ÆÁ÷ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¼¼»ó¿¡´Â Ç®¸®Áö ¾ÊÀº
¾î·Á¿òÀÌ ³²¾Æ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
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This difficulty lies in the impossibility of making the Christian faith
(which those who form the governments profess with particular emphasis)
accord with armies composed of Christians trained to slay. However much
you may pervert the Christian teaching, however much you may hide its main
principles, its fundamental teaching is the love of God and one's
neighbor; of God - that is the highest perfection of virtue, and of one's
neighbor - that is all men without distinction.
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ÀÌ·± ¾î·Á¿òÀº (Á¤ºÎµéÀ» Çü¼ºÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÌ °¢º°È÷ °Á¶ÇÏ¸ç °í¹éÇÏ´Â) ±×¸®½ºµµ±³ ½Å¾ÓÀÌ »ì·úÇϱâ À§ÇØ ÈÆ·ÃµÈ ±×¸®½ºµµÀεé·Î ±¸¼ºµÈ
±º´ëµé°ú ÀÏÄ¡Çϵµ·Ï ¸¸µå´Â °ÍÀÇ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÔ¿¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ ¾Æ¹«¸® ¸¹ÀÌ ±×¸®½ºµµÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§À» ¿Ö°îÇÏ·ÁÇØµµ, ±× ±Ùº»ÀûÀÎ
°¡¸£Ä§Àº Çϳª´Ô°ú ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀÌ¿ô¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »ç¶ûÀÔ´Ï´Ù; Çϳª´Ô¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© - ÀÌ´Â ¼±ÀÇ ÃÖ°íÀÇ ¿Ï¼ºÀ̸ç, ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀÌ¿ô¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© - ÀÌ´Â ¸ðµç
»ç¶÷µé¿¡ ´ëÇØ Â÷º°À» µÎÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. |
And therefore it would seem inevitable that we must repudiate one of
the two, either Christianity is love of God and one's neighbor, or the
State with its armies and wars.
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±×¸®°í ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ¿ì¸®°¡ ¹Ýµå½Ã µÑ ÁßÀÇ Çϳª¸¦, Áï, ±×¸®½ºµµ±³´Â Çϳª´Ô°ú ÀÚ±âÀÇ ÀÌ¿ô¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »ç¶ûÀ̶õ °Í°ú, ¾Æ´Ï¸é ÀÚüÀÇ ±º´ëµéÀ»
Áö´Ñ ±¹°¡ ¹× ÀüÀïµéÀ», ºÎÀÎÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â °Íó·³ º¸À̱⠸¶·ÃÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
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Perhaps Christianity may be obsolete, and when choosing between the two
- Christianity and love of the State and murder - the people of our time
will conclude that the existence of the State and murder is more important
than Christianity, we must forgo Christianity and retain only what is
important: the State and murder.
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¾Æ¸¶µµ ±×¸®½ºµµ±³´Â ³°Àº °ÍÀ̸ç, µÑ ÁßÀÇ Çϳª - ±×¸®½ºµµ±³¿Í ±¹°¡ ¹× »ìÀÎÀÇ »ç¶û¿¡¼ - ¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇÒ ¶§¿¡, ¿ì¸® ½Ã´ëÀÇ »ç¶÷µéÀº
±¹°¡¿Í »ìÀÎÀÇ Á¸Àç°¡ ±×¸®½ºµµ±³ º¸´Ùµµ ´õ Áß¿äÇϸç, ¿ì¸®´Â ¹Ýµå½Ã ±×¸®½ºµµ±³¸¦ Æ÷±âÇÏ°í ¿ÀÁ÷ Áß¿äÇÑ °Í - ±¹°¡¿Í »ìÀÎ - À»
Áö³à¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í °á·Ð³»¸± °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. |
That may be so - at least people may think and feel so. But in that
case they should say so! They should openly admit that people in our time
have ceased to believe in what the collective wisdom of mankind has said,
and what is said by the Law of God they profess: have ceased to believe in
what is written indelibly on the heart of each man, and must now believe
only in what is ordered by various people who by accident or birth have
happened to become emperors and kings, or by various intrigues and
elections have become presidents or members of senates and parliaments -
even if those orders include murder. That is what they ought to say!
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¼±ÅÃÀº ±×¿Í °°À» °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù - Àû¾îµµ »ç¶÷µéÀº ±×ó·³ »ý°¢ÇÏ°í ´À³¥ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×·¯ÇÑ °æ¿ì¿¡ ±×µéÀº ±×·¸°Ô ¸»ÇÒ ¼ö ¹Û¿¡
¾ø½À´Ï´Ù! ±×µéÀº ¿ì¸® ½Ã´ëÀÇ »ç¶÷µéÀº ÀηùÀÇ ÃÑüÀû ÁöÇý°¡ ¸»ÇØ ¿ÔÀ¸¸ç, ±×µéÀÌ °í¹éÇÏ´Â Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¹ý¿¡ ¸»¾¸µÇ¾îÁø °ÍÀ» ´õ ÀÌ»ó
¹ÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù°í: Áö¿ö¹ö¸± ¼ö ¾øµµ·Ï °¢ÀÚ »ç¶÷ÀÇ °¡½¿¿¡ ±â·ÏµÈ °ÍÀ» ´õ ÀÌ»ó ¹ÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌÁ¦ ¿ÀÁ÷ ¿ì¿¬È÷ ¶Ç´Â Ãâ»ý¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿©
¾î¼´Ù°¡ ȲÁ¦µéÀ̳ª ¿ÕµéÀÌ µÈ, ¶Ç´Â ´Ù¾çÇÑ À½¸ðµé ¹× ¼±°Åµé·Î ´ëÅë·ÉÀ̳ª »ó¿ø ¹× ÇÏ¿øÀÇ ±¸¼º¿øÀÌ µÈ ´Ù¾çÇÑ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ¸í·É¹Þ´Â
°Í¸¸À» - ºñ·Ï ±×µéÀÇ ¸í·ÉµéÀÌ »ìÀÎÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÒÁö¶óµµ - ¹Ï¾î¾ß¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù°í °ø°ø¿¬È÷ ÀÎÁ¤ÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×°ÍÀÌ ¹Ù·Î ±×µéÀÌ ¸»Çؾ߸¸ ÇÏ´Â
°ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù! |
But it is impossible to say it; and yet one of these two things has to
be said. If it is admitted that Christianity forbids murder, both armies
and governments become impossible. And if it is admitted that government
acknowledges the lawfulness of murder and denies Christianity, no one will
wish to obey a government that exists merely by its power to kill. And
besides, if murder is allowed in war it must be still more allowable when
a people seek its rights in a revolution. And therefore the governments,
being unable to say either one thing or the other, are anxious to hid from
their subjects the necessity of solving the dilemma. And for us who are
assembled here to counteract the evil of war, if we really desire to
attain our end, only one thing is necessary: namely to put that dilemma
quite clearly and definitely both to those who form governments and to the
masses of the people who compose the army.
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±×·¯³ª ±×·¸°Ô ¸»ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÕ´Ï´Ù; ±×¸®°í ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀÌµé µÎ°¡Áö ÁßÀÇ Çϳª´Â ¼±¾ðµÇ¾î¾ß¸¸ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¸¸ÀÏ ±×¸®½ºµµ±³°¡ »ìÀÎÀ»
±ÝÁöÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ ÀÎÁ¤µÈ´Ù¸é, ±º´ëµé°ú Á¤ºÎµéÀº °øÈ÷ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×¸®°í Á¤ºÎ°¡ »ìÀÎÀÇ Àû¹ý¼ºÀ» ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏ°í ±×¸®½ºµµ±³¸¦ ºÎÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù¸é,
¿À·ÎÁö ±×µéÀÇ »ìÀÎÇÏ´Â ±Ç·ÂÀ¸·Î Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â Á¤ºÎ¸¦ ¾Æ¹«µµ º¹Á¾Çϱ⸦ ¿øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×¸®°í °Ô´Ù°¡, ¸¸ÀÏ »ìÀÎÀÌ ÀüÀï¿¡¼
¿ëÀÎµÈ´Ù¸é ±×°ÍÀº »ç¶÷µéÀÌ Çõ¸í¿¡¼ ±×µéÀÇ ±Ç¸®µéÀ» Ãß±¸ÇÏ·ÁÇÒ ¶§µµ ÈξÀ ´õ ¿ë³³µÇ¾î¾ß¸¸ ÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×¸®°í ±×·¯¹Ç·Î Á¤ºÎµéÀº,
À̰͵µ Àú°Íµµ ¼±¾ðÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¹Ç·Î, ±×·± µô·¹¸¶¸¦ Ç®¾î³ª°¥ Çʿ伺À» ±×µéÀÇ ±¹¹Îµé·ÎºÎÅÍ ¼û±â°íÀÚ ÀüÀü±à±àÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×¸®°í
ÀüÀïÀ̶ó´Â ¾Ç¿¡ ¸Â¼±â À§ÇØ À̰÷¿¡ Áý°áÇÑ ¿ì¸®µé¿¡ À־Â, ¸¸ÀÏ ¿ì¸®°¡ Á¤¸»·Î ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀ» ´Þ¼ºÇϱ⸦ ¿øÇÑ´Ù¸é, ¿ÀÁ÷ ÇѰ¡Áö ¸¸ÀÌ
ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù: Áï Á¤ºÎ¸¦ Çü¼ºÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µé ±×¸®°í ±º´ë¸¦ ±¸¼ºÇÏ´Â ±¹¹Î ´ëÁߵ鿡°Ô °øÈ÷, ±×¿Í °°Àº µô·¹¸¶¸¦ ¸í¹éÇÏ°Ô ±×¸®°í ¸íÈ®ÇϰÔ
¼³¸íÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. |
To do that we must not only clearly and openly repeat the truth we all
know and cannot help knowing - that man should not slay his fellow man -
but we must also make it clear that no considerations can destroy the
demand made by the truth on people in the Christian world. Therefore I
propose that our Meeting draw up and publish an appeal to all men, and
especially to the Christian nations, in which we clearly and definitely
express what everybody knows, but hardly anyone says: namely war is not -
as most people assume - a good and laudable affair, but that like all
murder, it is a vile and criminal business not only for those who
voluntarily choose a military career but for those who submit to it from
avarice, or fear of punishment.
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±×¿Í °°ÀÌ ÇÏ·Á¸é, ¿ì¸®´Â ¸í¹éÈ÷ ±×¸®°í °ø°³ÀûÀ¸·Î ¿ì¸® ¸ðµÎ°¡ ¾Ë°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ¾Ë ¼ö ¹Û¿¡ ¾ø´Â Áø¸® - »ç¶÷Àº ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ µ¿·á Àΰ£À»
»ìÇØÇØ¼´Â ¾ÈµÈ´Ù - ¸¦ º¹Ã¢ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ¿ì¸®´Â ¾î¶² Á߿伺µµ ±×¸®½ºµµÀεéÀÇ ¼¼°è¿¡¼ Áø¸®¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© »ç¶÷µé À§¿¡ ¸¸µé¾î
ÁÖ¾îÁø Àǹ«¸¦ ÆÄ±«ÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ½À» ¸í¹éÈ÷ÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ³ª´Â ¿ì¸®ÀÇ È¸Àǰ¡ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô, ƯÈ÷ ±×¸®½ºµµ±³ ³ª¶óµé¿¡°Ô ÇÑ °¡Áö
È£¼Ò¸¦ ²ø¾î³»¾î °øÇ¥ÇÒ °ÍÀ̸ç, ÀÌ·Î½á ¿ì¸®´Â ¸í¹éÈ÷ ±×¸®°í ´ÜÈ£È÷ °¢ÀÚ°¡ ¾Ë°í ÀÖÀ¸³ª °ÅÀÇ ¾Æ¹«µµ ¸»ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀ» Ç¥¸íÇÒ °ÍÀ»
Á¦¾ÈÇϸç: Áï, ÀüÀïÀº - ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ´ç¿¬È÷ ¿©±âµí - ¼±Çϸç Ī¼Û¹ÞÀ» ÀÏÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù¶ó´Â °ÍÀ», ±×·¯³ª ¸ðµç »ìÀεéó·³,
±×°ÍÀº ÀÚÁøÇÏ¿© ±º»ç Á÷¾÷À» ¼±ÅÃÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Ž¿åÀ̳ª ó¹úÀÇ µÎ·Á¿ò ¶§¹®¿¡ ±×°Í¿¡ º¹Á¾ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ôµµ ÇϳªÀÇ ¾ÇÀ̸ç
¹üÁËÀû Á÷¾÷À̶ó´Â °ÍÀ» Á¦¾ÈÇÕ´Ï´Ù. |
With regard to those who voluntarily choose a military career, I would
propose to state clearly and definitely that not withstanding all the
pomp, glitter, and general approval with which it is surrounded, it is a
criminal and shameful activity; and that the higher the position a man
holds in the military profession the more criminal and shameful his
occupation.
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ÀÚ¿øÇÏ¿© ±º´ëÀÇ Á÷¾÷À» ¼±ÅÃÇÑ »ç¶÷µé¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©, ³ª´Â ±×°Í¿¡ µÑ·¯ ½Î¿©Áø ¸ðµç È·ÁÇÔ, ¹øÂ½°Å¸², ¹× ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ÀÎÁ¤¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸Çϰí,
±×°ÍÀº ¹üÁËÀûÀÌ¸ç ¼öÄ¡½º·¯¿î ÇൿÀ̸ç, ±º´ëÀÇ Á÷¾÷¿¡¼ ´õ ³ôÀº Á÷À§¸¦ Áö´Ï¸é Áö´Ò¼ö·Ï ±×ÀÇ Á÷¾÷Àº ´õ¿í ¹üÁËÀûÀÌ¸ç ¼öÄ¡½º·¯¿öÁø´Ù´Â
°ÍÀ» ¸í¹éÈ÷ ±×¸®°í ´ÜÈ£È÷ ¼±¾ðÇÒ °ÍÀ» Á¦¾ÈÇÕ´Ï´Ù. |
In the same way with regard to men of the people who are drawn into
military service by bribes or by threats of punishments, I propose to
speak clearly about the gross mistake they make - contrary to their faith,
morality and common sense - when they consent to enter the army; contrary
to their faith because when they enter the ranks of murderers contrary to
the Law of God which they acknowledge; contrary to morality , because for
pay or from fear of punishment they agreed to what in their souls they
know to be wrong; and contrary to common sense, because if they enter the
army and war breaks out they risk having to suffer any consequences, bad
or worse than those they are threatened with if they refuse. Above all
they act contrary to common sense in that they join that caste of people
which deprives them of freedom and compels them to be soldiers.
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¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î ³ú¹°µéÀ̳ª ó¹úÀÇ Çù¹Úµé¿¡ ÀÇÇØ º´¿ª¿¡ Ã³ÇØÁö°Ô µÈ »ç¶÷µé°ú °ü·ÃÇÏ¿©, ³ª´Â, ±×µéÀÌ ±º´ë¿¡ µé¾î°¥ °ÍÀ» µ¿ÀÇ ÇÒ ¶§¿¡
¹üÇÏ°Ô µÇ´Â ¾öû³ - ±×µéÀÇ ½Å¾Ó, µµ´ö ¹× ¾ç½Ä¿¡ ¹Ý´ëµÇ´Â - ¿À·ù¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¸í¹éÈ÷ ¸»ÇÒ °ÍÀ» Á¦¾ÈÇÕ´Ï´Ù; ±×µéÀÇ ½Å¾Ó¿¡ ´ëÄ¡µÇ´Â
±î´ßÀº, Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¹ý¿¡ ¹Ý´ëÇÏ´Â »ìÀÎÀÚµéÀÇ ´ë¿¿¡ µé¾î °¡±â ¶§¹®À̸ç; µµ´ö°ú ´ëÄ¡µÇ´Â ±î´ßÀº, º¸¼ö³ª ó¹úÀÇ µÎ·Á¿ò ¶§¹®¿¡ ±×µéÀÇ
¿µÈ¥¿¡¼ ±×µéÀÌ ¾ÇÇÏ´Ù°í ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Â °Í¿¡ µ¿ÀÇÇÑ ¶§¹®À̸ç; ±×¸®°í ¾ç½Ä¿¡ ´ëÄ¡µÇ´Â ±î´ßÀº, ¸¸ÀÏ ±×µéÀÌ ±º´ë¿¡ µé¾î°¡¼ ÀüÀïÀÌ
¹ß¹ßÇÏ°Ô µÇ¸é, ±×µéÀÌ °ÅºÎÇÏ¿´À» ¶§ À§Çù¹Þ°Ô µÇ´Â °Íµé º¸´Ùµµ, ¾ÇÇÏµç ¾Æ´Ï¸é ´õ¿í ¾ÇÇÏµç ¾î¶² °á°úµéÀÌ¶óµµ °ÞÀ» À§ÇèÀ» °¨¼öÇØ¾ß
Çϱ⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¹«¾ùº¸´Ùµµ ±×µé·ÎºÎÅÍ ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ »©¾ÑÀ¸¸ç ±×µé·ÎÇÏ¿©±Ý ±ºÀεéÀÌ µÇµµ·Ï °Á¦ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÇ °è±Þ¿¡ ÇÕ·ùÇÑ´Ù´Â Á¡¿¡¼ ¾ç½Ä¿¡
¾î±ß³ª°Ô ÇൿÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. |
With reference to both classes I propose in this appeal to express
clearly the thought that for men of true enlightenment, who are therefore
free from the superstition of military glory, (and their number is growing
every day) the military profession and calling not withstanding all the
efforts to hide its real meaning, is as shameful a business as the
executioner's and even more so. For the executioner only holds himself in
readiness to kill those who have been adjudged to be harmful and criminal,
while a soldier promises to kill all who he is told to kill, even though
they may be the dearest to him or the best of men.
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µÎ °è±Þµé°ú °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© °øÈ÷ ³ª´Â ÀÌ È£¼Ò¿¡¼, ÁøÁ¤ÇÑ ±ú´ÞÀ½À» °¡Áø »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ÀÖ¾î¼, ±×µéÀº ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ±º´ëÀÇ ¿µ±¤¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹Ì½Å¿¡¼
ÀÚÀ¯·Î¿î »ç¶÷µé·Î¼, (±×¸®°í ±×µéÀÇ ¼ýÀÚ´Â ³¯¸¶´Ù ´Ã¾î°¡°í ÀÖ´Â ¹Ù) ±º»çÀû Á÷¾÷ ¹× ¼Ò¸íÀº, ±× ÁøÁ¤ÇÑ Àǹ̸¦ ¼û±â·Á´Â ¸ðµç
³ë·Âµé¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸Çϰí, »çÇüÁýÇàÀÎÀÇ Á÷¾÷ ¸¸ÅÀ̳ª ¼öÄ¡¼ö·¯¿î °ÍÀÌ¸ç ½ÉÁö¾î ±×º¸´Ù ´õÇÑ °ÍÀ̶ó´Â »ç»óÀ» ¸í¹éÈ÷ Ç¥¸íÇÒ °ÍÀ» Á¦¾ÈÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é »çÇüÁýÇàÀÎÀº ¿ÀÁ÷ ÇØ·Ó´Ù°Å³ª ¹üÁËÀÚ¶ó°í ¼±°í¹ÞÀº »ç¶÷µéÀ» »ìÇØÇÒ Áغñ¸¦ °®Ãß°í ÀÖÁö¸¸, ¹Ý¸é¿¡ ±ºÀÎÀº »ìÇØÇ϶ó°í ¸í·É¹ÞÀº
¸ðµç »ç¶÷µéÀ», ±×µéÀÌ Àڽſ¡°Ô °¡Àå ¼ÒÁßÇÑ »ç¶÷À̰ųª »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô °¡Àå ÈǸ¢ÇÑ »ç¶÷À̶óµµ, »ìÇØÇÒ °ÍÀ» ¼¾àÇϱ⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. |
Humanity in general, and our Christian humanity in particular, has
reached a stage of such acute contradiction between its moral demands and
the existing social order, that a change has become inevitable, and a
change not in society's moral demand which are immutable, but in the
social order which can be altered. The demand for a different social
order, evoked by that inner contradiction which is so clearly illustrated
by our preparations for murder, becomes more and more insistent every year
and every day.
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Àηù¾Ö´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î, ±×¸®°í ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ±×¸®½ºµµÀÎÀÇ Àηù¾Ö´Â Ưº°È÷, µµ´öÀû Àǹ«µé°ú ±âÁ¸ »çȸ Áú¼ »çÀÌ¿¡¼ ³Ê¹«³ª ÷¿¹ÇÑ ¸ð¼øÀÇ
´Ü°è¿¡ µµ´ÞÇÏ¿©¼ º¯È´Â ºÒ°¡ÇÇÇØÁ³À¸¸ç, ÀÌ º¯È´Â º¯ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â °Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »çȸÀÇ µµ´öÀû ¿ä±¸¿¡ À־¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¹Ù²ð ¼ö ÀÖ´Â
»çȸÁú¼¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ÀÇ º¯È¸¦ ¸»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ´Þ¶óÁø »çȸÀû Áú¼¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ä±¸´Â, »ìÀο¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ Áغñµé·Î¼ ³Ê¹«³ª ¸í¹éÈ÷ ¿¹½ÃµÇ´Â ³»ÀûÀÎ
¸ð¼ø¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© Àϱú¿öÁ®¼, ¸Å³â ±×¸®°í ¸ÅÀÏ Á¡Á¡ ´õ Áý¿äÇØÁö°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. |
The tension which demands that alteration has reached such a degree
that, just as sometimes only a slight shock is required to change a liquid
into a solid body, so perhaps with a slight effort or even a single word
may be needed to change the cruel and irrational life of our time - with
its divisions, armaments and armies - into a reasonable life in keeping
with the consciousness of contemporary humanity.
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±×¿Í °°Àº º¯È¸¦ ¿ä±¸ÇÏ´Â ±äÀåÀÌ ±× Á¤µµ¿¡ ´ÞÇØ¼, ¶§¶§·Î ¾×ü¸¦ °íü·Î ¸¸µå´Â °ÍÀÌ ¿ÀÁ÷ ¹Ì¹ÌÇÑ Ãæ°ÝÀ̸é Á·ÇÑ °Íó·³, ¾Æ¸¶µµ
¹Ì¾àÇÑ ³ë·Â ¶Ç´Â ½ÉÁö¾î ´Ü ÇÑ ¸¶µðÀÇ ¸»ÀÌ¸é ¿ì¸® ½Ã´ëÀÇ ÀÜÀÎÇÏ°í ºñÀ̼ºÀûÀÎ - ½º½º·ÎÀÇ ºÐ¿, ¹«±âµé ¹× ±º´ëµéÀ» Áö´Ñ - »îÀ»
Çö½Ã´ëÀÇ Àηù¾Ö¸¦ ÀǽÄÇÔ¿¡ ¹ß¸ÂÃß´Â À̼ºÀûÀÎ »îÀ¸·Î º¯È½ÃÅ´¿¡ ÃæºÐÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. |
Every such effort, every such word, may be the shock which will
instantly solidify the super cooled liquid. Why should not our gathering
be the shock?
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±×¿Í °°Àº Á¦°¢±âÀÇ ³ë·Â, ±×¿Í °°Àº Á¦°¢±âÀÇ ÁÖÀåÀÌ ÃÊ ³Ã°¢µÈ ¾×ü¸¦ Áï½Ã ´Ü´ÜÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µå´Â Ãæ°ÝÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï°Ú½À´Ï±î? ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¸ðÀÓÀÌ ¿Ö
±× Ãæ°ÝÀÌ
¾Æ´Ï¾î¾ßÇմϱî? |
In Andersen's fairy tale, when the King went in triumphal procession
through the streets of the town and all the people were delighted with his
beautiful new clothes, a word from a child who said what everybody knew
but had not said, changed everything. He said: 'He has nothing on!' and
the spell was broken, and the king became ashamed and all those who had
been assuring themselves that they saw him wearing beautiful new clothes
perceived that he was naked! We must say the same. We must say what
everybody knows but does not venture to say. We must say that by whatever
name people may call murder - murder always remains murder and a criminal
and shameful thing. And it is only necessary to say that clearly,
definitely, and loudly, as we can say it here, and men will cease to see
what they thought they saw, and will see what is really before their eyes.
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¾Èµ¥¸£¼¾ÀÇ µ¿È¿¡¼, ¿ÕÀÌ µµ½ÃÀÇ °Å¸®µéÀ» Åë°úÇÏ´Â ½Â¸®ÀÇ Çà·Ä·Î ³ª¾Æ°¡°í ¸ðµç ¹é¼ºµéÀÌ ±×ÀÇ »õ·Î¿î ¿Ê¿¡ ´ëÇØ ±â»µÇÒ ¶§, ¸ðµç
»ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¾Ë°í ÀÖÀ¸¸é¼µµ ¸»ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´ø °ÍÀ» ¸»ÇÑ ÇÑ ¾ÆÀÌÀÇ ¸»ÀÌ, ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» º¯È½ÃÄ×½À´Ï´Ù. ±×°¡ ¸»Çß½À´Ï´Ù: '±×°¡ ¾Æ¹«°Íµµ ÀÔÁö
¾Ê¾Ò¾î¿ä!' ±×·¯ÀÚ ¸¶¹ýÀº ±ú¾îÁ³½À´Ï´Ù, ±×¸®°í ¿ÕÀº ¼öÄ¡½º·¯¿üÀ¸¸ç ¿ÕÀÌ ¾Æ¸§´Ù¿î »õ¿ÊÀ» ÀÔ°í ÀÖ´Ù°í ½º½º·Î È®½ÅÇϰí ÀÖ´ø ¸ðµç
»ç¶÷µéÀº ±×°¡ ¹ú°Å¹þ¾ú´Ù!´Â °ÍÀ» ±ú´Þ¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®µµ ¹Ýµå½Ã ¶È°°ÀÌ ¸»ÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â ´©±¸³ª ¾Ë°í ÀÖÀ¸¸é¼µµ °¨È÷ ¸»ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â
°ÍÀ» ¸»ÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÌ »ìÀÎÀ» ¾î¶² À̸§À¸·Î ºÎ¸£µçÁö °£¿¡ - »ìÀÎÀº ¾ðÁ¦³ª »ìÀÎÀÌ¸ç ¹üÁËÀÚ¸ç ¼öÄ¡½º·¯¿î ÀÏ·Î ³²´Â
°ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù - ±×°ÍÀ» ¸»ÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¿ÀÁ÷ ¸í¹éÈ÷, ´ÜÈ£ÇϰÔ, ±×¸®°í Å«¼Ò¸®·Î, ¿ì¸®°¡ ±×°ÍÀ» ¿©±â¼ ¸»ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °Íó·³,
¸»ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÒ »ÓÀÔ´Ï´Ù, ±×·¯¸é »ç¶÷µéÀº ±×µéÀÌ º¸¾Ò´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÑ °ÍÀ» º¸Áö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀ̸ç, Á¤¸»·Î ±×µéÀÇ ´« ¾Õ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ» º¼
°ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. |
They will cease to see the service for their country, the heroism of
war, military glory, and patriotism, and will see what exists: the naked,
criminal business of murder!
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±×µéÀº ÀڽŵéÀÇ ±¹°¡¿¡ ´ëÇÑ º´¿ª, ÀüÀï ¿µ¿õÁÖÀÇ, ±º´ëÀÇ ¿µ±¤, ¹× ¾Ö±¹½ÉÀ» º¸´Â °ÍÀ» Áß´ÜÇÒ °ÍÀ̸ç, Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â °Í - ¹ú°Å¹þÀ½,
»ìÀÎÀ̶ó´Â ¹üÁËÀû Á÷¾÷ - À» º¼ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù! |
And if people see that, the same thing will happen as in the fairy
tale: those who do the criminal thing will feel ashamed, and those who
assure themselves that they do not see the criminality of murder will
perceive it and cease to be murderers.
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±×¸®°í ¸¸ÀÏ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ±×°ÍÀ» º»´Ù¸é, µ¿È¿¡¼Ã³·³ ¶È°°Àº ÀÏÀÌ ÀϾ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù: ¹üÁËÀûÀÎ ÀÏÀ» ÇÑ »ç¶÷µéÀº ¼öÄ¡¸¦ ´À³¥ °ÍÀ̸ç,
»ìÀÎÀÇ ¹üÁ˼ºÀ» º¸Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù°í ½º½º·Î È®½ÅÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀº ±×°ÍÀ» ±ú´Ý°í »ìÀÎÀÚµéÀ̱⸦ Áß´ÜÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. |
But how will nations defend themselves against their enemies, how will
they maintain internal order, and how can nations live without an army? |
±×·¯³ª ±¹°¡µéÀº ¾î¶»°Ô ±×µéÀÇ ¿ø¼öµé¿¡ ½º½º·Î ¹æ¾îÇÒ °ÍÀΰ¡, ±×µéÀº ¾î¶»°Ô ±¹³» Áú¼¸¦ À¯ÁöÇÒ °ÍÀΰ¡, ±×¸®°í ±¹°¡µéÀÌ ¾î¶»°Ô ±º´ë
¾øÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÒ ¼ö Àִ°¡? |
What form of life men will take after they
repudiate murder we do not and cannot know; but one thing is certain: that
it is more natural for men to be guided by reason and conscience with
which they are endowed, than to submit slavishly to people who arrange
wholesale murders; and that therefrom the form of social order assumed by
the lives of those who are guided in their actions not by violence based
on threats of murder, but by reason and conscience, will in any case be no
worse than that under which they now live.
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»ç¶÷µéÀÌ »ìÀÎÀ» °ÅºÎÇÑ µÚ¿¡ ¾î¶² ÇüÅÂÀÇ »îÀ» ÃëÇÒ °ÍÀÎÁö ¿ì¸®´Â ¾ËÁö ¸øÇÏ¸ç ¾Ë ¼öµµ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù, ±×·¯³ª ÇÑ °¡Áö´Â ºÐ¸íÇÕ´Ï´Ù:
»ç¶÷µéÀº Ÿ°í³ À̼º°ú ¾ç½É¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Àεµ¹Þ´Â °ÍÀÌ, ¹«Â÷º°ÀûÀÎ »ìÀεéÀ» ÁغñÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ³ë¿¹Ã³·³ º¹Á¾ÇÏ´Â °Íº¸´Ù, ±×µé¿¡°Ô ´õ¿í
ÀÚ¿¬½º·´´Ù´Â °Í; ±×¸®°í ±×¸®ÇÏ¿© ±×µéÀÇ ÇàÀ§µé¿¡¼ »ìÀÎÀÇ À§Çùµé À§¿¡ ±âÃÊÇÏ´Â Æø·Â¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, À̼º°ú ¾ç½É¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿©
ÀεµµÇ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÇ »î¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© °¡Áö°Ô µÇ´Â »çȸÀû Áú¼ÀÇ ÇüŰ¡, ¾î¶² °æ¿ì¿¡µµ ±×µéÀÌ Áö±Ý »ì¾Æ°¡°í ÀÖ´Â °Íº¸´Ùµµ ¿¾ÇÇÏÁö´Â ¾ÊÀ»
°ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. |
That is all I want to say. I shall be sorry
if it offends or grieves anyone or evokes any ill feeling. But for me, a
man eighty years old, expecting to die at any moment, it would be shameful
and criminal not to speak out the whole truth as I understand it - the
truth which, as I firmly believe, is alone capable of relieving mankind
from the incalculable ills produced by war.
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À̰ÍÀÌ ³»°¡ ¸»ÇϰíÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ³ª´Â ±×°ÍÀÌ ´©±º°¡¸¦ ȳª°Ô Çϰųª ½½ÇÁ°ÔÇϰųª ¶Ç´Â ¾î¶² ³ª»Û °¨Á¤À» ºÒ·¯ÀÏÀ¸Å²´Ù¸é,
À¯°¨½º·´°Ô ¿©±æ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, ³ª·Î¼´Â, ÆÈ¼øÀÇ »ç¶÷À¸·Î, ¾î´À ¼ø°£À̵ç Á×À½À» ±â´Ù¸®°í ÀÖÁö¸¸, ³»°¡ ±ú´Ý°í ÀÖ´Â ´ë·ÎÀÇ
Àüü Áø¸® - ³»°¡ ±»°Ô ¹Ï°í ÀÖ´Â ¹Ù, À¯ÀÏÇÏ°Ô ÀüÀï¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© »ý»êµÇ´Â Ãø·®ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â °íÅëµé·ÎºÎÅÍ Àηù¸¦ ±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Áø¸® -
¸¦ ³»¹ñÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀº ¼öÄ¡½º·¯¿ì¸ç Á˸¦ Áþ´Â ÀÏÀÏ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. |
¡¡ |
¡¡ |
Written for the 18th International Peace Congress held at Stockholm
in 1909.
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1909³â ½ºÅåȦ¸§¿¡¼ ¿¸° Á¦ 18 Â÷ ±¹Á¦ ÆòÈ È¸ÀǸ¦ À§ÇØ ¾²¿©Áö´Ù. |
¡¡ |
Related Link :
NAPF - Nuclear Age Peace Foundation
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